Return-to-work (RTW) is a critical yet under-examined survivorship outcome, particularly within the income protection insurance context, which — unlike workers' compensation — lacks a structured, legislated RTW framework obligating employers to participate in coordinated return-to-work planning. This qualitative descriptive study explored barriers, facilitators, and system-level gaps in RTW for cancer survivors across three stakeholder groups: cancer survivors with income protection experience (n=9), clinicians and allied health professionals working in cancer rehabilitation and income protection (n=9), and employers (n=4). Twenty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted between January 2025 and January 2026, with participants recruited via purposive and snowball sampling and data analysed using reflexive thematic analysis (Griffith University Ethics Approval: 2024/833). Five overarching themes were identified. Cancer-related fatigue was the most prevalent physical barrier, while loss of confidence and fear of recurrence emerged as equally significant psychological obstacles, and cognitive impairment posed particular challenges for those in demanding occupations. Critical system-level gaps included delayed referrals to allied health services — typically 6–12 months post-treatment — fragmented care coordination, limited oncologist engagement in RTW planning, and variable employer support. Key facilitators included workplace flexibility, personal motivation, and access to exercise physiology and occupational therapy, though these services were often accessed too late. These findings demonstrate that personalised RTW support requires earlier allied health intervention, dedicated cancer care navigation, proactive service offerings from insurers, and stronger multisector collaboration between clinicians, employers, and insurers to translate survivorship evidence into practice and deliver truly individualised post-treatment care.